Approach to UGIB Secondary to Esophageal Varices

Esophageal varices is a result of alcoholic liver disease.

Esophageal varices are portosystemic collateral.
It is extremely dilated sub-mucosal veins in the lower third of the esophagus.

Varices rupture if the wall tension becomes too great.

Treatment of bleeding include sclerotherapy which occludes venous channel with the use of 1-3 ml of sclerosant.

Sclerotherapy control bleeding 80-95% of the time with re bleeding rates at 50%.

Another treatment option for bleeding esophageal varices is endoscopic banding which also occludes venous channels.

It has lesser complications compared to sclerotherapy.

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